ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Genetic parameters for growth and survival in Acacia saligna shrubs.

Freddy Mora    
Sandra Perret    
Carlos Alberto Scapim    
Emmanuel Arnhold    

Resumen

Acacia species have valuable agronomic characteristics, such as the tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. In this study, genetic parameters and selection response in Acacia saligna shrubs were investigated in two arid environments of northern Chile: Cuz-Cuz and El Tangue. The quantitative traits were assessed in 5 year-old shrubs. A Bayesian approach, implemented using Gibbs sampling algorithm, was used in the data analysis. The tree survival was 87.3% and 81.8% in Cuz- Cuz and El Tangue, respectively, confirming the potential of A. saligna in northern Chile. The estimates of posterior mode of the heritability ranged from h2=0.13 (survival) to h2=0.25 (shrub crown diameter). Estimated genetic gain (individual tree selection) ranged from 6 to 14% (selection intensity of 20%). Bayesian credible intervals (p=95%) for genotype-environment correlations included zero, indicating a significant interaction for survival, crown diameter and height. Shrub selection in multipurpose planting will depend on optimizing economical traits by selecting genotypes that perform well on a particular environment. Las especies de acacia poseen características valiosas, como la tolerancia a condiciones ambientales desfavorables. En el presente estudio, se investigaron parámetros genéticos y la respuesta a selección en arbustos de Acacia saligna, en dos ambientes áridos del norte de Chile: Cuz-Cuz y El Tangue. Las características cuantitativas se evaluaron en arbustos de 5 años de edad. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó un enfoque Bayesiano, implementado usando el algoritmo de Gibbs. La sobrevivencia fue de 87,3 y 81,8% en Cuz-Cuz y El Tangue, respectivamente, confirmando el potencial de A. saligna en el norte de Chile. Las estimaciones de la moda a posteriori de la heredabilidad varió de h2=0,13 (sobrevivencia) a h2=0,25 (diámetro de copa). La ganancia genética (selección de árboles individuales) varió de 6 a 14% (intensidad de selección de 20%). Intervalo de credibilidad Bayesiano (p=95%) de las correlaciones genotipo-ambiente incluyeron el valor cero, indicando una significativa interacción para las características de sobrevivencia, diámetro de copa y altura. La selección de arbustos en plantaciones multipropósito, dependerá de la optimización de las características de interés a través de la selección de genotipos que responden bien en un sitio en particular.

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