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Dimitrios Tsotsios, Dimitrios K. Moutopoulos, Athanasios Lattos, Basile Michaelidis and John A. Theodorou
Ascidians? bioaccumulation is frequently responsible for the massive growth of certain species, causing detrimental effects on aquaculture facilities. The goal of this study is to provide, for the first time in the Eastern Mediterranean, information on b...
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Roberta Varello, Davide Asnicar, Jacopo Boaga and Francesca Cima
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Paul Whitworth, Anthony S. Clare, John A. Finlay, Richard F. Piola, Joseph Plummer and Nick Aldred
The biofouling of marine structures must be controlled if crippling operational and maintenance costs are to be avoided and biological invasions prevented. However, traditional methods of biofouling control typically involve the use of toxic chemicals, w...
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Francesca Cima
The colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri possesses an innate immunity, which plays fundamental roles in its survival, adaptability, worldwide spread and ecological success. Three lines of differentiation pathways of circulating haemocytes are known to ...
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Lucia Manni, Federico Caicci, Chiara Anselmi, Virginia Vanni, Silvia Mercurio and Roberta Pennati
The swimming larva represents the dispersal phase of ascidians, marine invertebrates belonging to tunicates. Due to its adhesive papillae, the larva searches the substrate, adheres to it, and undergoes metamorphosis, thereby becoming a sessile filter fee...
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Euichi Hirose and Noburu Sensui
Ascidians are marine sessile chordates that comprise one of the major benthic animal groups in marine ecosystems. They sometimes cause biofouling problems on artificial structures underwater, and non-indigenous, invasive ascidian species can potentially ...
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Francesca Cima and Roberta Varello
Dichlofluanid has long been employed as a fungicide in agriculture and has been massively introduced in antifouling paints for boat hulls over the last two decades. One of the most important toxic effects of antifoulants is represented by immunosuppressi...
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