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Philip Dawid
This article surveys the variety of ways in which a directed acyclic graph (DAG) can be used to represent a problem of probabilistic causality. For each of these ways, we describe the relevant formal or informal semantics governing that representation. I...
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Jiawei Kang, Shangwen Yang, Xiaoxuan Shan, Jie Bao and Zhao Yang
Exploring the delay causality between airports and comparing the delay propagation patterns across different airport networks is critical to better understand delay propagation mechanisms and provide effective delay mitigation strategies. A novel attenti...
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Juan Qiu, Qingfeng Du, Kanglin Yin, Shuang-Li Zhang and Chongshu Qian
With the development of cloud computing technology, the microservice architecture (MSA) has become a prevailing application architecture in cloud-native applications. Many user-oriented services are supported by many microservices, and the dependencies b...
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Eli Levine and J. S. Butler
Determining what constitutes a causal relationship between two or more concepts, and how to infer causation, are fundamental concepts in statistics and all the sciences. Causation becomes especially difficult in the social sciences where there is a myria...
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