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Yunong Zhang, Anmin Zhang, Miao Gao and Yi Liang
Spatial relation models are the basis for realising three-dimensional spatial analysis. More researchers are now focusing on models that combine topological relations with distance or directional relations; however, a model that unifies all three relatio...
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Christos Kastrisios, Noel Dyer, Tamer Nada, Stilianos Contarinis and Jose Cordero
Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) data are essential for safe maritime navigation and have multiple other uses in a wide range of enterprises. Charts are relied upon to be as accurate and as up-to-date as possible by the vessels moving vast amounts of ...
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Yunong Zhang, Anmin Zhang, Miao Gao and Yi Liang
The three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the electronic navigation chart (ENC) can reflect the marine environment and various marine features truly, accurately, and directly, to reduce misoperation during chart use and improve the convenience of using...
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Mimi Mukherjee and Matloob Khushi
Real-world datasets are heavily skewed where some classes are significantly outnumbered by the other classes. In these situations, machine learning algorithms fail to achieve substantial efficacy while predicting these underrepresented instances. To solv...
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