ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Antioxidant properties and color of Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts.

Claudia Salazar-González    
Fidel T. Vergara-Balderas    
Ana E. Ortega-Regules    
José Á. Guerrero-Beltrán    

Resumen

Liquid extracts of dried Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces obtained using ethanol:water (50:50 and 70:30%, v/v), water, ethanol:1.5 N HCl (85:25%, v/v), and ethanol (96%) to evaluate selected antioxidant characteristics (phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity), color parameters (L, a, and b), and anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (myrtillin), and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total monomeric anthocyanin content was also assessed using the differential pH technique. The phenolic compound content ranged from 1,067±22 (in ethanol) to 2,649±96 (in ethanol:water 70:30%) mg of gallic acid.100 g-1 of dehydrated calyces, and the antioxidant capacity ranged from 3.11±0.50 (in ethanol) to 8.0±0.2 mmoles of trolox.100 g-1 of calyces. The total monomeric anthocyanin content (209±21 mg.100 g-1) was similar to that obtained using the HPLC technique (215±31 mg.100 g-1) when extracting the calyces with the 50:50% (v/v) ethanol:water solution. The deepest red-purple (Hue = 62.50±0.34) colored solution was observed when extracting the calyces with ethanol. The antioxidant and color properties of Roselle calyces make the extracts ideal for use in foods as a natural extract, concentrate, or powder. Se obtuvieron extractos líquidos de cálices secos de flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa) usando etanol:agua (en proporciones de 50:50 y 70:30%, v/v), agua, etanol:HCl 1.5 N (85:25%, v/v), y etanol (96%), para evaluar algunas características antioxidantes (compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante), parámetros de color (L, a, and b), antocianinas (delfinidin-3-O-sambubiosido, delfinidin-3-O-glucósido (mirtillin) y cianidin-3-O-sambubiosido), por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC), y antocianinas monoméricas totales, por el método de pH diferencial. Los compuestos fenólicos se encontraron en un intervalo de 1.067±22 (en etanol) a 2.649±96 (en etanol:agua 70:30%, v/v) mg of ácido gálico 100 g-1 de cálices secos de flor de Jamaica. La capacidad antioxidante se encontró en un rango de 3,11±0,50 (en etanol) a 8,04±0,22 mmoles de trolox 100 g-1 de cálices secos de flor de Jamaica. El contenido de antocianinas monoméricas totales (209±21 mg 100-1 g), evaluado por el método de pH diferencial, resultó similar al obtenido por el método de HPLC (215±31 mg 100 g- 1) al usar la solución de etanol:agua al 50:50% (v/v) como agente de extracción. La solución de color rojo más intenso (Tono = 62,50±0,34) fue la obtenida con etanol. Las propiedades antioxidantes y de color de flor de Jamaica hacen que los extractos de esta flor sean de importancia primordial para ser usados en alimentos como extractos naturales, en forma concentrada o en polvo.

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