ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Analysis of organic matter in tropical soils with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and chemometrics

Aarón Jarquín-Sánchez    
Sergio Salgado-García    
David J. Palma-López    
Wilder Camacho-Chiu    

Resumen

The objective of this study was to predict the concentration of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical soils using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for samples measured within a polyethylene bag and without a bag. One hundred and fifty six soil samples from the humid tropics of Tabasco, Mexico with contrasting chemical characteristics were selected. The samples were dried, ground, and sieved through 2 mm and 5 mm screens, and their SOM contents were determined using the Walkley-Black method. The soil samples were packed in polyethylene bags, and SOM was measured directly with and without a bag using a quartz probe (FOSS 5000 model of NIRsystems, DK-3400 Hillerod,Denmark) for a range from 1100 to 2000 nm to obtain a prediction model of SOM. The model for determining SOM for bagged samples had good fit and explained 88% of the variation (0 to 10, 2% of SOM of samples). The model for determining SOM for bag-less samples was not efficient for predicting independent samples and therefore was discarded. The analysis by NIRS was reliable, more rapid, and easier for the determination of SOM in soil samples measured through a plastic bag. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue predecir la concentración de materia orgánica del suelo (MOS) de regiones tropicales mediante espectroscopía de infrarrojo cercano (NIRS), en muestras medidas dentro de una bolsa de polietileno y sin ésta. Fueron seleccionadas 156 muestras de suelos del trópico húmedo de Tabasco, México, por sus características químicas contrastantes. Las muestras fueron secadas, molidas y tamizadas a través de una malla de 5 y 2 mm y su concentración de materia orgánica fue determinada por el método de Walkley Black. Las muestras de suelos se envasaron en bolsa Infrade polietileno y se midieron directamente con y sin bolsa con una sonda de cuarzo de un NIRS, modelo FOSS 5000 de NIRsystems, en un rango de 1.100 a 2.000 nm, para obtener un modelo de predicción del contenido de MOS en muestras dentro de la bolsa y fuera de ella. El modelo para determinar la MOS en muestras dentro de la bolsa presentó buen ajuste y explicó el 88% de la variación (0 a 10,2% de SOM). El modelo para materia orgánica para muestras fuera de la bolsa no resultó eficiente, para predecir muestras independientes, por lo que se  descartó. El análisis por NIRS es confiable, más rápido y sencillo en la determinación de materia orgánica en muestras de suelo con bolsa.

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