ARTÍCULO
TITULO

The Sub-Ice Algal Communities of the Barents Sea Pack Ice: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Biomass and Species

Else Nøst Hegseth and Cecilie von Quillfeldt    

Resumen

This work summarizes ice algal studies, presented as biomass and species temporal and spatial distribution, during 11 cruises conducted between 1986 and 2012. The majority of the biomass was found as loosely attached sub-ice algal layers, and sampling required diving. A maximum of 40 mg chlorophyll m-2 and 15.4 × 109 cells m-2 was measured in May. The species diversity was separated in zones based on ice thickness, with the highest biodiversity in the medium-thick ice of 30?80 cm. Nitzschia frigida was the most common species. There was a significant positive relationship between the dominance of this species and ice thickness, and it dominated completely in thick ice. Other common species, such as N. promare and Fossulaphycus arcticus reacted oppositely, by becoming less dominant in thick ice, but the positive correlation between total cell numbers and number of these three species indicated that they would most likely dominate in most populations. Melosira arctica was found several times below medium-thick annual ice. Algae occurred from top to bottom in the ice floes and in infiltration layers, but in very low numbers inside the ice. The bipolar dinoflagellates Polarella glacialis inhabited the ice, both as vegetative cells and cysts. The algal layers detached from the ice and sank in late spring when melting started. The cells in the sediments form an important food source for benthic animals throughout the year. Fjord populations survive the winter on the bottom and probably form next year?s ice algal inoculum. A few ?over-summer? populations found in sheltered locations might provide supplementary food for ice amphipods in late summer. The future faith of the ice flora is discussed in view of a warmer climate, with increased melting of the Arctic ice cover.

 Artículos similares

       
 
Aleksey Marchenko and Nataliya Marchenko    
Changes in the masses of icebergs due to deterioration processes affect the drift of icebergs and should be taken into account when assessing iceberg risks in the areas of offshore development. In 2022 and 2023, eight laboratory experiments were carried ... ver más

 
Jiaqi Zhao, Yang Huo, Zhiruo Zhang, Ying Zhang, Zhenlai Hou, Wei Fan, Zhi Geng and Mingxin Huo    
Although reclaimed water (RW) has become a promising alternative source for alleviating water shortage in arid and semiarid regions, the ecological risks it poses to the receiving water bodies remain largely unknown. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is cru... ver más
Revista: Water

 
Viviana M. Gamboa Sojo, Caterina Morigi, Leonardo Langone and Renata G. Lucchi    
The objective of this study was to reconstruct the last century?s climatic oscillations in the Arctic region around the Fram Strait using high-resolution analysis of foraminiferal assemblages as proxies for surface and deep-water mass properties. In this... ver más

 
Konstantin Shishmarev, Tatyana Sibiryakova, Kristina Naydenova and Tatyana Khabakhpasheva    
The problem of periodic oscillations of a dipole, specifically its strength, along the principal axes in a three-dimensional frozen channel is considered. The key points of the problem are taking into account the linear thickness of ice across the channe... ver más

 
Jiayu Huang, Feng Diao, Shifeng Ding, Sen Han, Pentti Kujala and Li Zhou    
In previous studies of ship?ice interactions, most studies focused on ship?level ice interactions, overlooking potential rafted ice conditions in extreme ice conditions. The purpose of this study is to develop a numerical model for predicting ship resist... ver más
Revista: Water