ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Using Social Networks to Analyze the Spatiotemporal Patterns of the Rolling Stock Manufacturing Industry for Countries in the Belt and Road Initiative

Yuanhui Wang    
Changqing Song    
Gary Sigley    
Xiaoqiang Chen and Lihua Yuan    

Resumen

The new wave of modern rail transit and the proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) have complicated the business patterns of the rolling stock manufacturing industry (RSMI) and the export of rolling stock products, especially in the case of countries participating in the BRI. Based on the analysis of trade patterns?which focuses on the evolution of trade links, community structures, and intraregional export competitiveness?this study aims to explore the changes in the RSMI within the BRI region from 2003 to 2017. Sequential clustering was applied to the creation of a three-phase timeline. The network models of the cumulative trade of the rolling stock products and trades of two typical categories of products were constructed in each phase for the evolution analysis. Social network analysis methods, such as the analysis of network indices and community detection, were also applied. The results show that from 2003 to 2017, the connectivity of the rolling stock trade in this region significantly increased. China was the largest exporter, with increasing trade influence and technological strength. Ukraine and Russia were less competitive and highly mutually dependent. Czechia and Austria?s competitiveness remained prominent, but compared with China they lacked expansive vitality. South Korea was also an active and competitive country with strong technological prowess. These countries accounted for the majority of the exports, and were always at the center of their own separate communities, over which they maintained a sphere of influence. The grouping of countries far from any such spheres of influence changed frequently.

 Artículos similares

       
 
Tsung-Lin Wu, Tsai-Feng Chu and Hsiang-Te Liu    
During the epidemic, construction site workers suffered from COVID-19 fear, job burnout, and job insecurity due to insufficient personal protective equipment. This study mainly explores the effect of policy formalism, equipment insufficiency, COVID-19 fe... ver más
Revista: Buildings

 
Diego Fettermann, Pedro Christoffel, Jaime Castillo and Angelo Sant?Anna    
The incorporation of renewable energy sources necessitates the upgrade of the electrical grid to a smart grid, which involves the implementation of smart meters. Although smart meters provide benefits to users, many smart meter implementation projects ha... ver más
Revista: Urban Science

 
Maxim Kolomeets, Olga Tushkanova, Vasily Desnitsky, Lidia Vitkova and Andrey Chechulin    
This paper aims to test the hypothesis that the quality of social media bot detection systems based on supervised machine learning may not be as accurate as researchers claim, given that bots have become increasingly sophisticated, making it difficult fo... ver más

 
Ancilon Leuch Alencar, Marcelo Dornbusch Lopes, Anita Maria da Rocha Fernandes, Julio Cesar Santos dos Anjos, Juan Francisco De Paz Santana and Valderi Reis Quietinho Leithardt    
In the current era of social media, the proliferation of images sourced from unreliable origins underscores the pressing need for robust methods to detect forged content, particularly amidst the rapid evolution of image manipulation technologies. Existin... ver más
Revista: Future Internet

 
Azizah Assiri and Hassen Sallay    
Opportunistic mobile social networks (OMSNs) have become increasingly popular in recent years due to the rise of social media and smartphones. However, message forwarding and sharing social information through intermediary nodes on OMSNs raises privacy c... ver más
Revista: Future Internet