Inicio  /  Applied Sciences  /  Vol: 13 Par: 21 (2023)  /  Artículo
ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Numerical Evaluation Using the Finite Element Method on Frontal Craniocervical Impact Directed at Intervertebral Disc Wear

Alfonso Trejo-Enriquez    
Guillermo Urriolagoitia-Sosa    
Beatriz Romero-Ángeles    
Miguel Ángel García-Laguna    
Martín Guzmán-Baeza    
Jacobo Martínez-Reyes    
Yonatan Yael Rojas-Castrejon    
Francisco Javier Gallegos-Funes    
Julián Patiño-Ortiz and Guillermo Manuel Urriolagoitia-Calderón    

Resumen

Traumatic cervical pathology is an injury that emerges due to trauma or being subjected to constant impact loading, affecting the ligaments, muscles, bones, and spinal cord. In contact sports (the practice of American football, karate, boxing, and motor sports, among others), the reporting of this type of injury is very common. Therefore, it is imperative to have preventive measures so players do not suffer from such injuries, since bad practices or accidents can put their lives at risk. This research evaluated cervical and skull biomechanical responses during a frontal impact, taking into consideration injury caused by wear on the intervertebral disc. Intervertebral disc wear is a degenerative condition that affects human mobility; it is common in people who practice contact sports and it can influence the response of the cervical system to an impact load. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the effects caused by impact loading and strains generated throughout the bone structure (composed of the skull and the cervical spine). The numerical evaluation was developed using the finite element method and the construction of the biomodel from computational axial tomography. In addition, the numerical simulation allowed us to observe how the intervertebral disc?s wear affected the cervical region?s biomechanical response. In addition, a comparison could be made between a healthy system and a disc that had suffered wear. Finally, the analysis provided information valuable to understanding how an impact, force-related injury can be affected and enabled us to propose better physiotherapeutic procedures.

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