Resumen
Using discrete element simulation to reveal the interaction between seed and seed metering devices (SMD) is an important method for developing SMDs. However, due to the lack of discrete element modeling (DEM) parameters of adzuki bean seeds (ABS) in existing literature, it is difficult to develop a suitable SMD. In this study, the DEM parameters of ABS were determined by a combination of physical tests and virtual calibration. Initially, the intrinsic parameters, contact parameters, and angle of repose (AOR) of ABS were measured. The parameters significantly affected AOR were then screened out by Plackett?Burman test. Furthermore, the Steepest Ascent test was used to determine the optimal interval value of significant parameters. Finally, the optimal values of significant parameters were obtained by the Box?Behnken test with an AOR of 23.93° and an error of 0 as targets. The results showed that the coefficient of static friction of ABS?ABS, coefficient of static friction of ABS-photosensitive resin plate, and coefficient of rolling friction of ABS?ABS significantly affected the AOR, and their optimal values were 0.302, 0.282, and 0.043, respectively. The verification test showed that the relative error between simulated and measured values of AOR was 0.67%. This indicated that the determined DEM parameters were accurate and reliable. The results from the study can provide a reference for the selection of DEM parameters in the mechanized seeding process of ABS.