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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Dynamics of the soil seed bank of Spartina argentinensis tallgrass community.

C. Alzugaray    
S.R. Feldman    
J.P. Lewis    

Resumen

Spartina argentinensis Parodi has a vicarious amphitropic distribution. In Argentina there are large areas of land covered with grasslands of this species. Fires are very frequent in these grasslands and they are a very common management technique for cattle raising. Soil seed banks comprise all sexual propagules as well as apomictic seeds. There is no information about the seed banks of Spartina argentinensis tall grasslands. The object of this paper is to analyze the seed bank of this plant community on a time sequence of four years. In spite of seeming very monotonous, this community is far from homogeneous, and the heterogeneity is indicated by the soil seed bank. Many propagules are not buried and they are exposed to environmental hazards. The most important grasses of the community including Spartina argentinensis, do not form an important seed bank. Fire has no harmful effect over any species in the bank and in many of them induces a transient seed bank enrichment. However, the seed banks of some species like Heliotropium curassavicum and Sesuvium portulacastrum are affected by fire but do not disappear completely. Spartina argentinensis Parodi tiene una distribución vicaria anfitrópica. En Argentina existen grandes áreas cubiertas por pastizales de esta especie. Los incendios son frecuentes en estos pastizales y se usan como una herramienta de manejo, permitiendo el pastoreo del rebrote tier-no para la cría de ganado vacuno. El banco de semillas del suelo comprende a todos los propágulos de origen sexual, al igual que a las semillas apomícticas. No existe información acerca del banco de semillas de pastizales de S. argentinensis. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el banco de semillas de esta comunidad a lo largo de cuatro años. A pesar de su aparente homogeneidad, esta comunidad es muy heterogénea, lo cual se refleja en el banco de semillas. Muchos propágulos permanecen en superficie, quedando expuestos a diversos factores de riesgo impuestos por el ambiente. Las especies más importantes, incluyendo a S. argentinensis, no forman un banco de semillas importante. El fuego no tiene un efecto deletéreo sobre ninguna especie del banco y, en algunos casos, provoca un enriquecimiento transitorio. No obstante, el banco de algunas especies, tales como Heliotropium curassavicum y Sesuvium portulacastrum, se ve afectado por el fuego, aunque no desaparece del todo.

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