Resumen
In this work, a ?green? Aspergillus niger lipase obtained from the solid-state fermentation of Hancornia speciosa (?mangaba?) seeds was efficiently immobilised on polyethersulfone membranes (PES) by physical adsorption (PES-ADS-lipase) and covalent bonding (PES-COV-lipase) (immobilisation yields of 92 and 81%, respectively). The free lipase showed an optimum pH close to neutrality, while the biocatalysts displaced the pH to the alkaline region (optimum pH 9.0 and 11.0 for PES-ADS-lipase and PES-COV-lipase, respectively). The optimum temperature of free lipase was 55°C; however, a higher thermal stability occurred at 37°C. The PES-ADS-lipase and PES-COV-lipase showed lower optimum temperatures (37 and 45°C, respectively) but higher thermal stabilities at 45 and 55°C, respectively. The lower thermal inactivation constant and higher half-life of PES-COV-lipase at 55°C confirmed the efficiency of covalent bonding in maintaining the thermal stability of the enzyme. The Michaelis?Menten constant (Km) and maximum rate of reaction (Vmax) were also determined, and the biocatalysts showed higher affinities to substrates (lower Km values) than free lipase. In this work, the biocatalysts showed good catalytic properties with future potential applications in hydrolysis reactions. The use of a ?green? lipase obtained from agroindustrial residue makes this product economically attractive from an industrial point of view.