Resumen
The Capital Tax which was accepted in November 11, 1942 by the 4305 Numbered Law is an extraordinary wealth tax enforced for a short-term as sixteen months taken its place as a disgrace for our history considering its consequences. It was mentioned that the capital law which was enforced by the government for taxing high-profitability due to extraordinary conditions of war was not aimed at any ethnic or religious groups. However, according to the information leaked from the Group Meeting of CHP held closed to press by Prime Minister Sukru Saracoglu, the grounds explained by the Prima Minister were different than the ones explained to press. Saracoglu said; "This is also a revolutionary law. We are against an opportunity which will provide us economic independence." And he showed his hand by saying; "We are going to eliminate the foreigners dominating our market and we shall give Turkish market under the control of Turkish people." In this study, we discuss the grounds for Capital Tax claimed to be put into force for eliminating the effects of war economy on young Turkey which has been extremely influenced even if it was not a part of the World War II, whom it is applied, how much tax has been collected and what kind of changes have happened on the demographic structure due to this tax.