Redirigiendo al acceso original de articulo en 16 segundos...
Inicio  /  Applied Sciences  /  Vol: 9 Par: 7 (2019)  /  Artículo
ARTÍCULO
TITULO

A New Method of GPS Water Vapor Tomography for Maximizing the Use of Signal Rays

Fei Yang    
Jiming Guo    
Junbo Shi    
Yinzhi Zhao    
Lv Zhou and Shengdeng Song    

Resumen

The spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric water vapor information can be obtained by global positioning system (GPS) water vapor tomography. GPS signal rays pass through the tomographic area from different boundaries because the scope of the research region (latitude, longitude, and altitude) is designated in the process of tomographic modeling, the influence of the geographic distribution of receivers, and the geometric location of satellite constellations. Traditionally, only signal rays penetrating the entire tomographic area are considered in the computation of water vapor information, whereas those passing through the sides are neglected. Therefore, the accuracy of the tomographic result, especially at the bottom of the area, does not reach its full potential. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new method that simultaneously considers the discretized tomographic voxels and the troposphere outside the research area as unknown parameters. This method can effectively improve the utilization of existing GPS observations and increase the number of voxels crossed by satellite signals, especially by increasing the proportion of voxels penetrated. A tomographic experiment is implemented using GPS data from the Hong Kong Satellite Positioning Reference Station Network. Compared to the traditional method, the proposed method increases the number of voxels crossed by signal rays and the utilization of the observed data by 15.14% and 19.68% on average, respectively. Numerical results, including comparisons of slant water vapor (SWV), precipitable water vapor (PWV), and water vapor density profile, show that the proposed method is better than traditional methods. In comparison to the water vapor density profile, the root-mean-square error (RMS), mean absolute error (MAE), standard deviation (SD), and bias of the proposed method are 1.39, 1.07, 1.30, and -0.21 gm-3, respectively. For the SWV and PWV comparison, the RMS/MAE of the proposed method are 10.46/8.17 mm and 4.00/3.39 mm, respectively.

Palabras claves

 Artículos similares

       
 
Masoud Jafari Shalamzari, Wanchang Zhang, Atefeh Gholami and Zhijie Zhang    
Site selection for runoff harvesting at large scales is a very complex task. It requires inclusion and spatial analysis of a multitude of accurately measured parameters in a time-efficient manner. Compared with direct measurements of runoff, which is tim... ver más
Revista: Water

 
Xiaoni Yang, Juanjuan Ma, Yongye Li, Xihuan Sun, Xiaomeng Jia and Yonggang Li    
Hydraulic transportation of the piped carriage is a new energy-saving and environmentally-friendly transportation mode. There are two main states in the conveying process, stationary and moving. In the process of hydraulic transportation of the piped car... ver más
Revista: Water

 
V. L. Ipmawan, I. N. P. Permanasari, R. N. Siregar     Pág. 169 - 175
Kota Baru, a new capital Lampung province location, planned and developed since 2012, will be a densely populated in near time. The province located in near Semangko fault, southern of Sumatra Island, is a vulnerable area to earthquake. Seismometer was d... ver más

 
Muhammad Abi Berkah Nadi, Sayed Ahmad Fauzan     Pág. 1 - 9
Recovery efforts following a disaster can be slow and painstaking work, and potentially put responders in harm's way. A system which helps identify defects in critical building elements (e.g., concrete columns) before responders must enter a structure ca... ver más

 
Triyana Muliawati, Dewi Suhika     Pág. 40 - 46
The development of student character starts from education process in campus life and residence. The environment is less comfortable and effective in the learning process will affect student achievement. To overcome this, the Institute of Technology of S... ver más