Redirigiendo al acceso original de articulo en 15 segundos...
Inicio  /  Acoustics  /  Vol: 4 Par: 3 (2022)  /  Artículo
ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Effectiveness of MP3 Coding Depends on the Music Genre: Evaluation Using Semantic Differential Scales

Nikolaos M. Papadakis    
Ioanna Aroni and Georgios E. Stavroulakis    

Resumen

MPEG-1 Layer 3 (MP3) is one of the most popular compression formats used for sound and especially for music. However, during the coding process, the MP3 algorithm negatively affects the spectral and dynamic characteristics of the audio file being compressed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect the MP3 coding format for different music genres and different bitrates via listening tests in which the original uncompressed files and the compressed files are compared. For this purpose, five different music genres were selected (rock, jazz, electronic, classical and solo instrument), and the files were compressed in three different bitrates (96 kbps, 160 kbps and 320 kbps). The semantic differential method was used, and ten bipolar scales were selected for the listening tests (e.g., better?worse, more distortion?less distortion, etc.). The following are the most important findings of this study: classical music was negatively affected the most among the genres due to the MP3 compression (lowest ratings in 8 out of 10 bipolar scales), the solo instrument was least affected among the genres (highest rating in 7 out of 10 bipolar scales), and for higher bit rates, the differences in ratings were small for all music genres. The findings of this study could be used to optimize and adapt the standard, depending on the music genre and the musical piece that needs to be encoded.

 Artículos similares

       
 
Viktor Uglev and Oleg Sychev    
The article discusses the problem of visualization of complex multiparameter systems, defined by datasets on their structure, functional structure, and activity in the form of complex graphs and transition of traditional representation of the data acquir... ver más
Revista: Algorithms

 
Artur Strzelecki    
This paper analyzes peer-reviewed empirical eye-tracking studies of behavior in web search engines. A framework is created to examine the effectiveness of eye-tracking by drawing on the results of, and discussions concerning previous experiments. Based o... ver más
Revista: Information

 
Fei Wang, Lu Leng, Andrew Beng Jin Teoh and Jun Chu    
Biometric-based authentication is widely deployed on multimedia systems currently; however, biometric systems are vulnerable to image-level attacks for impersonation. Reconstruction attack (RA) and presentation attack (PA) are two typical instances for i... ver más
Revista: Applied Sciences

 
Oleksandr Makoveichuk     Pág. 55 - 68
The subject matter of the article is the informational technology of designing and using of augmented reality visual information structures. The goal of the study is to develop the informational technology of designing and using of augmented reality visu... ver más