Resumen
Landslide susceptibility prediction has the disadvantages of being challenging to apply to expanding landslide samples and the low accuracy of a subjective random selection of non-landslide samples. Taking Fu?an City, Fujian Province, as an example, a model based on a semi-supervised framework using particle swarm optimization to optimize extreme learning machines (SS-PSO-ELM) is proposed. Based on the landslide samples, a semi-supervised learning framework is constructed through Density Peak Clustering (DPC), Frequency Ratio (FR), and Random Forest (RF) models to expand and divide the landslide sample data. The landslide susceptibility was predicted using high-trust sample data as the input variables of the data-driven model. The results show that the area under the curve (AUC) valued at the SS-PSO-ELM model for landslide susceptibility prediction is 0.893 and the root means square error (RMSE) is 0.370, which is better than ELM and PSO-ELM models without the semi-supervised framework. It shows that the SS-PSO-ELM model is more effective in landslide susceptibility. Thus, it provides a new research idea for predicting landslide susceptibility.