Resumen
In this paper, we designed an automatic ground cleaning machine for the dedusting rooms of chicken houses to replace the manual daily cleaning of dust particles and fluff. The machine mainly comprised a power system, control system, frame and walking structure, ground cleaning system, and dedusting system. The automatic movement of the machine body in two vertical directions without turning, lifting, and lowering of the sweeper; the retraction and expansion of the sweeper support arm; the reciprocating movement of the sweeper relative to the machine body; and the timely separation of the dust particles and fluff from gas mixtures were achieved. Parameter optimization experiments on the machine were performed using a quadratic general rotary combination design considering the movement speed, rotation speed of the sweeper, and distance between the suction head nozzle and ground as experimental factors. The regression equations describing the relationship between the three experimental factors and the dust particle removal rate and fluff removal rate were obtained using Design-Expert 12 software, adequately reflecting the impact of the three experimental factors on the two experimental indexes. Further parameter optimization was conducted to obtain the optimized parameter combination at the same weight as the two experimental indexes: movement speed of 0.1 m/s, rotation speed of the sweeper of 198 r/min, and distance between the suction head nozzle and ground of 12 mm. The performance experiment on the machine was conducted using the optimized parameter combination, yielding a dust particle removal rate of 90.7% and fluff removal rate of 91.7%. The experimental results show that the machine exhibits good performance and stable operation, meeting the daily cleaning needs of large-, medium-, and small-scale rectangular dedusting rooms of chicken houses.