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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Factors that influence the price of cattle in livestock auctions: the case of the stockyard of Melipilla (Chile)

Javier L. Troncoso    
Alejandra Engler    
Paula Manriquez    
Antonio Valdivia    

Resumen

This study aims to weigh the influence of observable traits on live cattle prices, i.e., the percent impact on the final price of various physical characteristics. These characteristics are those that commonly are published in auction catalogues, as is the case of: average lot weight, lot size, age, breed and corporal condition. In addition, the influence of seasonality and business cycles were also explored. Using the data collected from the records of El Tattersall S.A., a hedonic price function was fitted. The results showed that the most influential variables with respect to the price of beef cattle, in decreasing order, are as follows: ?condition?, ´breed?, ?quarter of sale? and ?year?, which are followed far behind by ?lot size? and ?average weight?. The market pays a premium for Red Friesians, Crossbreds and Herefords and  punishes the price of Holstein Friesians. Additionally, higher prices are paid in the last two quarters of the year than in the first two, and the third quarter is preferable to the fourth. Finally, the average lot weight and lot size are variables that have a positive, but small, influence on the price of cattle. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la influencia sobre el precio de características observables en el ganado en pié. Estas características son aquellas que normalmente se publican en los catálogos de los remates, como son: peso promedio del lote, tamaño del lote, edad, raza y condición corporal. También se evaluó la influencia de la estacionalidad y del ciclo ganadero, en el precio. Usando datos de El Tattersall S.A se  ajustó una función hedónica de precios. Los resultados mostraron que las variables que más influyen en el precio son, en orden decreciente: ?condición corporal?, ?raza?, ?trimestre en que se hace la venta? y ?año?; en mucho menor escala, también influyen ?tamaño del lote? y ?peso promedio del lote?. El mercado paga una prima por Overos Colorados, híbridos y Hereford y también castiga el precio del ganado Holstein Friesian. Los precios son más altos en últimos dos trimestres del año respecto de los dos primeros, y el Tercer Trimestre paga mejores precios que el Cuarto. El peso promedio y el tamaño del lote tienen muy poca influencia sobre el precio.

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