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Inicio  /  Andean Geology  /  Vol: 21 Núm: 2 Par: PP (1994)  /  Artículo
ARTÍCULO
TITULO

X-ray diffraction intensity ratios of phyllosilicate reflections in cleavage- and bedding-parallel slabs: incipient development of slaty cleavage in the Caledonides of Jämtland, western central Sweden

Hanan J. Kisch    

Resumen

ABSTRACT. The ratio of the absolute intensities of a 00I phyllosilicate X-ray diffraction peak measured on cleavage (C) -and bedding (B)- parallel slabs, or the ratios of the relative intensities of a 00I lattice plane to that of a hk0 or hkl lattice plane, reflects the relative orientation of the phyllosilicate mineral in clastic rocks showing incipient slaty cleavage. The I10A and I10A/I4.46A-19.9° C/B ratios are used as mica-orientation criteria. The dependence of these ratios on slab sizes below ca. 20 mm is minimized when the peaks are measured using suitable divergence/scatter slit pairs. These X-ray orientation criteria were measured on a series of Lower Paleozoic clastic rocks showing incipient slaty-cleavage development from the external Caledonides of Jämtland, western central Sweden. In the external low-grade areas the I10A C/B and I10A/I4.46A-19.9° C/B ratios are smaller than unity in the 'diagenetic' (par) autochthon, and around unity in the low-anchimetamorphic lower thrust sheet. In the more internal anchimetamorphic areas many rocks show a combination of low X-ray orientation (I10A C/B=0.3-0.9) with high c/b cleavage/bedding fissility ratios. This reflects cleavage-domain development without appreciable mica re-orientation, whereas the increase in the X-ray C/B ratios for essentially similar c/b cleavage/bedding fissility ratios reflects increased mica orientation in the cleavage domains and the microlithons at the expense of bedding-parallel micas, particularly in fold hinges. It appears that, at these incipient stages of slaty-cleavage development, the phyllosilicate fabric as expressed by the X-ray orientation is a more sensitive indicator of local variations in strain than the c/b fissility ratio - apparently the expression of cleavage-domain development-, which tends to be more uniform over a given area. RESUMEN. Razones de intensidad de difracción de rayos X de filosilicatos en lajas paralelas a la foliación y a la estratificación: desarrollo incipiente de clivaje de pizarra en las Caledonides de Jämtland, Suecia central occidental. La razón de las intensidades absolutas de un pico 00I de difracción de rayos X de filosilicatos medida en lajas paralelas a la foliación (C)- y a la estratificación (B), o las razones de las intensidades relativas de plano 00I y planos hk0 o hkl, reflejan la orientación relativa de los filosilicatos en rocas elásticas que muestran incipiente clivaje de pizarra. Las razones I10A C/B y I4.46A-19.9° C/B se usan como criterios de orientación de las micas. La dependencia de estas razones con el tamaño de estas lajas menores que ca. 20 mm es minimizado cuando los 'peaks' son medidos usando pares de divergencia/dispersión adecuados. Estos criterios de orientación por rayos X fueron medidos en una serie de rocas elásticas del Paleozoico Inferior de las Caledonides externas de Jämtland, Suecia central occidental. En las áreas externas de bajo grado las relaciones I10A C/B y I4.46A-19.9° C/B son menores que 1 en el (para) autóctono 'diagerético', y alrededor de la unidad en la napa inferior con anquimetamorfismo bajo. En las áreas anquimetamórficas más internas, muchas rocas muestran una combinación de baja orientación (I10A C/B =0,3-0,9) con altas relaciones de fisibilidad c/b de clivaje/estratificación. Esto refleja un desarrollo de dominios de clivaje sin una reorientación apreciable de las micas, mientras que el aumento.

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