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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

The influence of selected winemaking equipment and operations on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in wines

Juan F. Calderón    
María del Alamo-Sanza    
Ignacio Nevares    
Felipe Laurie    

Resumen

Oxygen has a determining effect on the quality and longevity of wines. In spite of its importance, there are only a limited number of reports examining the levels of dissolved oxygen during wine production and the enrichments produced by different operations. In this study, the contribution of selected winemaking equipment and operations (i.e., pumping, centrifugation, tartrate stabilization, filtration and bulk wine transportation) on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in wines was assessed using a photoluminescence-based oxygen meter. For example, winemaking equipment such as diatomaceous earth filtration and membrane filtration caused dissolved oxygen increases between 0.100 and 0.200 mg L-1, and pad filtration and centrifugation showed average oxygen enrichments of approximately 0.350 mg L-1. However, operations such as filtration with rotary vacuum equipment and continuous tartrate stabilization produced oxygen enrichments up to ~2.8 mg L-1. A better awareness of the levels of oxygen incorporated by different winemaking practices will help incorporate the necessary safeguards to protect wines from oxidation and estimate the magnitude of the cumulative exposure to oxygen during winemaking.  El oxígeno tiene un efecto determinante en la calidad y la longevidad de los vinos. A pesar de su importancia, existe solo un número limitado de investigaciones donde se analice la concentración de oxígeno disuelto durante la producción de vinos y los efectos de diferentes prácticas de vinificación sobre dichos niveles. En este estudio, se evaluó la contribución de diversos equipos y prácticas de vinificación (ej. bombeo, centrifugado, estabilización tartárica, filtración y transporte del vino a granel) sobre la concentración de oxígeno disuelto en vinos, utilizando un medidor de oxígeno basado ??en el principio de fotoluminiscencia. Por ejemplo, equipos de soporte a la elaboración de vino tales como filtros de tierras diatomeas y filtros de membranas produjeron de entre 0,100 hasta 0,200 mg L-1, la filtración por placas y la centrifugación mostró enriquecimientos promedio de oxígeno de alrededor de 0,350 mg L-1, mientras que el uso de filtros rotatorios al vacío y equipos de estabilización tartárica continua produjeron enriquecimientos de oxígeno de hasta ~ 2,8 mg L-1. Un mejor conocimiento de los niveles de oxígeno incorporadas por las diferentes prácticas enológicas ayudará a tomar las salvaguardias necesarias para proteger los vinos de las oxidaciones y estimar la magnitud de la exposición acumulativa al oxígeno durante la elaboración del mismo.

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