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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Inbreeding depression and genetic components in Brazilian populations of popcorn.

Emmanuel Arnhold    
José Marcelo Soriano Viana    
Freddy Mora    
Glauco Vieira Miranda    
Ricardo Gonçalves Silva    

Resumen

The aim of the study was to assess inbreeding depression and determine genetic components in landrace populations of popcorn. Six Brazilian popcorn landraces: Amarelo, Beija-Flor, Branco, Rosa-claro, Roxo and Viçosa, were subjected to self-pollination. Experiments with S0 populations and their selfing populations (S1) were conducted in a randomized complete block design. The estimates of inbreeding depression varied from 1.2% (popping expansion) to 79% (grain yield). The gene action was predominantly additive for plant height, ear height and hundred-grain-weight. The dominance genetic effects were important for index of prolificacy and grain yield. The genetic effect of popping expansion was bidirectional with null dominance and a predominance of additive gene effects. Based on these results, it was possible to identify popcorn populations suitable to extract inbred lines, develop hybrids and use in population improvement. The present study also confirmed that popping expansion is a trait that can be improved efficiently by recurrent selection programs of popcorn. Los objetivos del estudio fueron evaluar la depresión endogámica y determinar los componentes genéticos en poblaciones de maíz-roseta. Se realizaron autopolinizaciones en seis poblaciones Brasileras: Amarelo, Beija-Flor, Branco, Rosa-claro, Roxo and Viçosa. Las poblaciones S0 y las poblaciones de autopolinización S1 se evaluaron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Las estimaciones de depresión endogámica variaron de 1,2% (capacidad de expansión) a 79% (productividad de granos). Los efectos genéticos fueron predominantemente aditivos para altura de planta, altura de mazorca y peso de cien granos. Los efectos genéticos de dominancia fueron importantes para índice de prolificidad y rendimiento de grano. El efecto genético de la capacidad de expansión fue bidireccional, con nulo efecto de dominancia y predominancia de efectos genéticos aditivos. Basado en los resultados, fue posible identificar poblaciones de maíz-roseta para la obtención de líneas puras, híbridos y mejoramiento poblacional. El presente estudio confirmó, además, que la capacidad de expansión es una característica que puede ser mejorada eficientemente en los programas de selección recurrente de maíz.

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