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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Thermophysiological characterization of the nutrient absorption rhythm of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. var reticulatus Naud).

E. Misle    

Resumen

Mineral absorption data of three independent and spatially and temporarily different, experiments, were studied; two of them bibliographical and one original. The latter was carried out between august 1998 and january 1999, 15 km from Curicó, Chile (LAT: -34.9833; LON: -71.2333) in order to obtain muskmelon nutrient uptake cultivated in four macrotunnels with fertirrigation, and a plant density of 3.09 [pl·m-2]. The content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and plant biomass was analyzed periodically up to 90 days after transplant. Total biomass production was 1.95 [kg m-2] and the total macronutrients absorbed was [g·m-2 ]: 37.8 of N, 8.4 of P, 64.5 of K, 42.4 of Ca and 6.5 of Mg. The thermal integration of the crop was determined and the thermophysiological absorption rate was calculated using a thermal time scale (tautochron = 59,9) as well as the absorption in chronological scale. The thermophysiological absorption rate was similar to the chronological absorption rate due to the fact that the crop was maintained close to the optimum temperature, as evidenced through a linear relationship between thermal and chronological time. The data of this trial were related to the two bibliographical experiments, concluding that the use of a thermal time scale for the nutrients absorption rate as well as for the accumulated absorption in different situations, is a more exact procedure than the simple use of chronological time. Se estudiaron datos de absorción mineral de tres experimentos diferentes e independientes, separados espacial y temporalmente, dos bibliográficos y uno original. Este se estableció entre agosto de 1998 y enero de 1999 a 15 km al nor-este de la ciudad de Curicó, Séptima Región, Chile (LAT: -34,9833; LON: -71,2333) para obtener la absorción de nutrientes del melón cultivado en cuatro macrotúneles con fertirrigación, en una densidad de plantación de 3,09 pl·m-2. Se analizó periódicamente el contenido de N, P, K, Ca, Mg y biomasa de las plantas hasta 90 días después del trasplante. La producción total de biomasa fue 1,95 kg·m-2 y el total de macronutrientes absorbidos fue g·m-2 : 37,8 de N; 8,4 de P; 64,5 de K; 42,4 de Ca y 6,5 de Mg. Se determinó la integral térmica del cultivo y se estableció la tasa de absorción termofisiológica en escala de tiempo térmico (tautocrón = 59,9) así como la absorción en escala cronológica. La tasa de absorcióntermofisiológica mostró una evolución similar a la tasa de absorción cronológica debido a que el cultivo se mantuvo cercano a la temperatura óptima, evidenciándose esto en una relación lineal entre tiempo térmico y cronológico. Los datos de este ensayo fueron relacionados con los dos experimentos bibliográficos, encontrándose que la utilización de una escala de tiempo térmico para la tasa de absorción de nutrientes así como para la absorción acumulada en situaciones disímiles, es un procedimiento más exacto que la simple utilización del tiempo cronológico.

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