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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Field response of Hylastinus obscurus Marsham (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to E-2-hexenal and limonene, two host-derived semiochemicals

Leonardo Parra    
Ana Mutis    
Fernando Ortega    
Andrés Quiroz    

Resumen

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), a valuable legume in Chile, is important mainly for seed production and as forage for animal production. Although it is considered a perennial, the productivity of this legume declines during the second year of growth primarily because of infestation by the red clover root borer, Hylastinus obscurus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Currently, there is no efficient method for controlling this insect, although the use of semiochemicals may provide a new alternative to reduce the damage caused by this curculionid. In this context, E-2-hexenal and limonene, which were previously determined to be an attractant and a repellent, respectively, for H. obscurus, were released from dispensers established in two cultivars (Quiñequeli INIA and Superqueli INIA) and one experimental line (Syn II Pre III) of red clover at the Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca (INIA-Carillanca) (Vilcún, Chile). H. obscurus was found in significantly higher numbers on plants from areas treated with E-2-hexenal than from areas treated with limonene or in areas that were left untreated as control areas. However, this attractiveness was influenced by the red clover source such that the effect of E-2-hexenal was observed in Superqueli INIA and Syn II Pre III but not in Quiñequeli INIA. Unlike previous studies, limonene had no effect on H. obscurus. Our results provide the first evidence under field conditions for the potential use of E-2-hexenal as an attractant for the red clover root borer H. obscurus. El trébol rosado es una valiosa leguminosa, cuya importancia en Chile radica principalmente en la producción de semillas y su uso como alimento forrajero. A pesar de ser una planta perenne, su producción declina durante el segundo año de establecida, debido principalmente a la infestación del barrenador de la raíz del trébol Hylastinus obscurus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Actualmente no existe un método de control eficiente contra este insecto, por lo tanto, el uso de semioquímicos surge como una nueva alternativa para disminuir los daños ocasionados por este curculiónido. En este contexto, E-2-hexenal y limoneno, determinados previamente como atrayente y repelente a H. obscurus, fueron dispuestos en dispensadores de liberación lenta establecidas en dos cultivares y una línea experimental de trébol rosado en Centro de Investigación INIA Carillanca (Vilcún, Chile). Las evaluaciones indican que H. obscurus fue significativamente encontrado en mayor proporción en plantas sometidas al tratamiento con E-2-hexenal, comparadas con limoneno y el control. Sin embargo, este efecto atrayente fue influenciado por los cultivares y línea experimental de trébol rosado, de tal manera que el efecto de E-2-hexenal fue observado en Superqueli INIA y Syn II Pre III, pero no en Quiñequeli INIA. En contraste a previos estudios, limoneno no tuvo efecto sobre H. obscurus. Nuestros resultados permiten establecer la primera evidencia bajo condiciones de campo del potencial uso, especialmente E-2-hexenal, como un atrayente para H. obscurus.

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