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Inicio  /  Building & Management  /  Vol: 1 Núm: 3 Par: 0 (2017)  /  Artículo
ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Integrated project delivery, an alternative to the usual form of construction work in Spain = Métodos colaborativos, un cambio para la construcción en España

Miguel Ángel Álvarez    
Alfonso Bucero    
Carlos J. Pampliega    

Resumen

The productivity of the construction sector in Spain is very low, as compared to other economic sectors, as with other countries in our environment. It takes us to a deep reflection on whether we are doing things right and what improvements can we introduce to increase production. These improvements must necessarily be technological and methodological, since there is a good training of the equipment both at the managerial level, as well as at the technical and in most of the labour levels, it is to exploit the full potential of new IT tools, especially Building Information Modelling (BIM) and the new methodologies that, from the industry, look for greater efficiency of the process and the elimination of all type of losses, like Lean Construction. A change of mentality, necessary to rethink the way of work in which we have been working for so many centuries, as the only possible paradigm, to replace confrontation as a way of producing construction through collaboration between all the agents involved in the work. We will speak in this article about Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), as one of the Lean methodologies that enable a profound improvement, we will see its definition, its essential components, and how it application can positively influence the construction process in Spain as it has already demonstrated in others.La productividad del sector de la construcción en España es muy baja, tanto comparativamente con otros sectores económicos, como con la de otros países de nuestro entorno. Se hace necesaria una profunda reflexión sobre si estamos haciendo bien las cosas y qué mejoras podemos introducir para incrementar la producción. Estas mejoras han de ser necesariamente tecnológicas y metodológicas, ya que existe una buena capacitación de los equipos tanto a nivel directivo, como en la escala técnica y en muchos casos en la laboral, es decir, se trata de aprovechar todo el potencial de las nuevas herramientas informáticas, especialmente Building Information Modeling (BIM) y de las nuevas metodologías que, provenientes de la industria, buscan una mayor eficacia del proceso y la eliminación de todo tipo de pérdidas, como Lean Construction. Un cambio de mentalidad necesario, que pasa por replantearnos la forma de trabajo en la que llevamos tantos siglos empeñados, como único paradigma posible, sustituir el enfrentamiento, como forma de producir la construcción, por la colaboración entre todos los agentes intervinientes en la obra. Hablaremos en este artículo de los Métodos Colaborativos en construcción, que en inglés se han denominado Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), como una de las metodologías Lean que posibilitan una profunda mejora, veremos cuál es su definición, componentes esenciales, y cómo su aplicación puede incidir positivamente en el proceso constructivo de nuestro país al igual que ya lo ha demostrado en otros.

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