Resumen
Efficient underwater visual environment perception is the key to realizing the autonomous operation of underwater robots. Because of the complex and diverse underwater environment, the underwater images not only have different degrees of color cast but also produce a lot of noise. Due to the existence of noise in the underwater image and the blocking effect in the process of enhancing the image, the enhanced underwater image is still rough. Therefore, an underwater color-cast image enhancement method based on noise suppression and block effect elimination is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an automatic white balance algorithm for brightness and color balance is designed to correct the color deviation of underwater images and effectively restore the brightness and color of underwater images. Secondly, aiming at the problem of a large amount of noise in underwater images, a noise suppression algorithm for heat conduction matrix in the wavelet domain is proposed, which suppresses image noise and improves the contrast and edge detail information of underwater images. Thirdly, for the block effect existing in the process of enhancing the underwater color-cast image, a block effect elimination algorithm based on compressed domain boundary average is proposed, which eliminates the block effect in the enhancement process and balances the bright area and dark area in the image. Lastly, multi-scale image fusion is performed on the images after color correction, noise suppression, and block effect elimination, and finally, the underwater enhanced image with rich features is obtained. The results show that the proposed method is superior to other algorithms in color correction, contrast, and visibility. It also shows that the proposed method corrects the underwater color-cast image to a certain extent and effectively suppresses the noise and block effect of the underwater image, which provides theoretical support for underwater visual environment perception technology.