Resumen
Hydrogen, electric energy production, and metal toxic bioremediation are some of the biotechnological applications of sulfate-reducing organisms, which potentially depend on the sulfide produced. In this study, offshore of Yucatan, the capacity to produce hydrogen sulfide using microbial consortia from marine sediment (SC469, PD102, SD636) in batch reactors was evaluated. Kinetic tests were characterized by lactate oxidation to acetate, propionate, CO2 and methane. The inoculum SC469, located in open-ocean, differed strongly in microbial diversity and showed better performance in substrate utilization with the highest hydrogen sulfide production (246 mmolg-1 VSS) at a specific hydrogen sulfide rate of 113 mmol g-1 VSS d-1 with a 0.79 molar ratio of sulfate/lactate. Sulfate-reducing microbial consortia enriched in the laboratory from marine sediments collected offshore in Yucatan and with a moderate eutrophication index, differed strongly in microbial diversity with loss of microorganisms with greater capacity for degradation of organic macromolecules. The sulfate-reducing microorganisms were characterized using Illumina MiSeq technology and were mainly Desulfomicrobium, Clostridium and Desulfobacter.