Resumen
Trim optimization is an available approach for the energy saving and emission reduction of a ship. As a ship sails on the water, the draft and trim undergo constant changes due to the consumption of fuel oil and other consumables. As a result, the selection of the initial trim is important if ballasting or shifting liquid among the tanks is not considered during a voyage. According to the characteristics of ship navigation and maneuvering, a practical trim optimization method is proposed to identify the Optimal Trim over a Whole Voyage (OTWV) which makes the fuel consumption of the voyage minimum. The calculations of speed vs. draft and trim surfaces are created according to hull resistance data generated by CFD, model tests, or real ship measurements, and these surfaces are used to calculate the OTWV. Ultimately, a trim and Main Engine (ME) power joint optimization method is developed based on the OTWV to make the total fuel consumption minimum for a voyage with a fixed length and travel time. A 307000 DWT VLCC is taken as an example to validate the practicality and effect of the two proposed optimization methods. The trim optimization example indicates that the OTWV could save up to 1.2% of the total fuel consumption compared to the Optimal Trim at Initial Draft (OTID). The trim and ME power joint optimization results show that the proposed method could steadily find the optimal trim and ME power combination, and the OTWV could save up to 1.0% fuel consumption compared to the OTID in this case.