Resumen
The risks brought by microplastics (MPs) to agricultural soil structure and crop growth in the agricultural system are the focus of global debate. MPs enter the soil through various routes, such as through the use of agricultural mulch and atmospheric deposition. Here, we review the research on MP pollution in the soil during the last 30 years. This review focuses on (i) the sources, types, and distribution characteristics of MPs in agricultural soils; (ii) the migration and transformation of MPs and their interactions with microorganisms, organic matter, and contaminants in agricultural soils; and (iii) the effects of environmental factors on the composition and structure of MPs in agricultural soils. This review also proposes key directions for the future research and management of MPs in the agricultural soil. We aim to provide a theoretical basis for the fine management of agricultural farmland.