Resumen
The axial hydraulic thrust has great influence on the safety and stability of a pump turbine. A common way to balance hydraulic thrust is to install a pressure-balance pipe, and the change in pipe diameter is one of the important factors affecting axial hydraulic thrust. In this paper, the influence of the diameter changes in a pressure-balance pipe on axial hydraulic thrust of a pump turbine, plus the seal clearance flow, is studied and analyzed under three work conditions, i.e., 100%, 75%, and 50% loads. It is found that under 100% and 75% load conditions, the axial hydraulic thrust increases vertically with the increase in pipe diameter; whereas, under 50% load condition, the axial hydraulic thrust increases first and then decreases with the increase in pipe diameter. The results aim to give guidelines for the choice of pressure-balance pipe diameters and to control the axial hydraulic thrust of a pumped-storage power station, so that the hydraulic excitation force can be better matched with the hydraulic mechanism.